Tuesday Seminar on Topology (September, 2017 -- March, 2018)

[Japanese]   [Past Programs]
17:00 -- 18:30 Graduate School of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
Tea: 16:30 -- 17:00 Common Room

Last updated April 3, 2018
Information :@
Toshitake Kohno
Nariya Kawazumi
Takahiro Kitayama
Takuya Sakasai

September 26 [Joint with Lie Groups and Representation Theory Seminar] -- Room 056, 17:00 -- 18:30

Hideko Sekiguchi (The University of Tokyo)

Representations of Semisimple Lie Groups and Penrose Transform

Abstract: The classical Penrose transform is generalized to an intertwining operator on Dolbeault cohomologies of complex homogeneous spaces $X$ of (real) semisimple Lie groups.
I plan to discuss a detailed analysis when $X$ is an indefinite Grassmann manifold.
To be more precise, we determine the image of the Penrose transform, from the Dolbeault cohomology group on the indefinite Grassmann manifold consisting of maximally positive $k$-planes in ${\mathbb{C}}^{p,q}$ ($1 \le k \le \min(p,q)$) to the space of holomorphic functions over the bounded symmetric domain.
Furthermore, we prove that there is a duality between Dolbeault cohomology groups in two indefinite Grassmann manifolds, namely, that of positive $k$-planes and that of negative $k$-planes.

October 3 -- Room 056, 17:00 -- 18:00

Athanase Papadopoulos (IRMA, Université de Strasbourg)

Transitional geometry

Abstract: I will describe transitions, that is, paths between hyperbolic and spherical geometry, passing through the Euclidean. This is based on joint work with Norbert AfCampo and recent joint work with AfCampo and Yi Huang.

October 10 -- Room 056, 17:30 -- 18:30

Shoji Yokura (Kagoshima University)

Poset-stratified spaces and some applications

Abstract: A poset-stratified space is a continuous map from a topological space to a poset with the Alexandroff topology. In this talk I will discuss some thoughts about poset-stratified spaces from a naive general-topological viewpoint, some applications such as hyperplane arrangements and poset-stratified space structures of hom-sets, and related topics such as characteristic classes of vector bundles, dependence of maps (by Borsuk) and dependence of cohomology classes (by Thom).

October 17 -- Room 056, 17:00 -- 18:30

Atsushi Ishii (University of Tsukuba)

Generalizations of twisted Alexander invariants and quandle cocycle invariants

Abstract: We introduce augmented Alexander matrices, and construct link invariants. An augmented Alexander matrix is defined with an augmented Alexander pair, which gives an extension of a quandle. This framework gives the twisted Alexander invariant and the quandle cocycle invariant. This is a joint work with Kanako Oshiro.

October 24 [Joint with Lie Groups and Representation Theory Seminar] -- Room 056, 17:30 -- 18:30

Reiko Miyaoka (Tohoku University)

Approach from the submanifold theory to the Floer homology of Lagrangian intersections

Abstract: The Gauss map images of isoparametric hypersurfaces in the spheres supply a rich family of minimal Lagrangian submanifolds of the complex hyperquadric Q_n(C). In simple cases, these are real forms of Q_n(C), and their Floer homology is known. In this talk, we consider the case when the number of distinct principal curvatures is 3,4,6, and report our results. This is a joint work with Hiroshi Iriyeh (Ibaraki U.), Hui Ma (Tsinghua U.) and Yoshihiro Ohnita (Osaka City U.).

October 31 -- Room 056, 17:00 -- 18:30

Yash Lodha (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)

Nonamenable groups of piecewise projective homeomorphisms

Abstract: Groups of piecewise projective homeomorphisms provide elegant examples of groups that are non amenable, yet do not contain non abelian free subgroups. In this talk I will present a survey of these groups and discuss their striking properties. I will discuss properties such as (non)amenability, finiteness properties, normal subgroup structure, actions by various degrees of regularity and Tarski numbers.

November 7 -- Room 056, 17:00 -- 18:30

Shin Hayashi (AIST-TohokuU MathAM-OIL)

On an explicit example of topologically protected corner states

Abstract: In condensed matter physics, topologically protected (codimension-one) edge states are known to appear on the surface of some insulators reflecting some topology of its bulk. Such phenomena can be understood from the point of view of an index theory associated to the Toeplitz extension and are called the bulk-edge correspondence. In this talk, we consider instead the quarter-plane Toeplitz extension and index theory associated with it. As a result, we show that topologically protected (codimension-two) corner states appear reflecting some topology of the gapped bulk and two edges. Such new topological phases can be obtained by taking a ``productff of two classically known topological phases (2d type A and 1d type AIII topological phases). By using this construction, we obtain an example of a continuous family of bounded self-adjoint Fredholm quarter-plane Toeplitz operators whose spectral flow is nontrivial, which gives an explicit example of topologically protected corner states.

November 21 -- Room 056, 17:00 -- 18:30

Keiichi Sakai (Shinshu University)

The space of short ropes and the classifying space of the space of long knots

Abstract: We prove affirmatively the conjecture raised by J. Mostovoy; the space of short ropes is weakly homotopy equivalent to the classifying space of the topological monoid (or category) of long knots in R^3. We make use of techniques developed by S. Galatius and O. Randal-Williams to construct a manifold space model of the classifying space of the space of long knots, and we give an explicit map from the space of short ropes to the model in a geometric way. This is joint work with Syunji Moriya (Osaka Prefecture University).

November 28 -- Room 056, 17:00 -- 18:30

Sang-hyun Kim (Seoul National University)

Diffeomorphism Groups of One-Manifolds

Abstract: Let a>=2 be a real number and k = [a]. We denote by Diff^a(S^1) the group of C^k diffeomorphisms such that the k--th derivatives are Hölder--continuous of exponent (a - k). For each real number a>=2, we prove that there exists a finitely generated group G < Diff^a(S^1) such that G admits no injective homomorphisms into Diff^b(S^1) for any b>a. This is joint work with Thomas Koberda.

December 5 -- Room 056, 17:00 -- 18:30

Kazuhiro Kawamura (University of Tsukuba)

Derivations and cohomologies of Lipschitz algebras

Abstract: For a compact metric space M, Lip(M) denotes the Banach algebra of all complex-valued Lipschitz functions on M. Motivated by a classical work of de Leeuw, we define a compact, not necessarily metrizable, Hausdorff space \hat{M} so that each point of \hat{M} induces a derivation on Lip(M). To some extent, \hat{M} may be regarded as "the space of directions." We study, by an elementary method, the space of derivations and continuous Hochschild cohomologies (in the sense of B.E. Johnson and A.Y. Helemskii) of Lip(M) with coefficients C(\hat{M}) and C(M). The results so obtained show that the behavior of Lip(M) is (naturally) rather different than that of the algebra of smooth/C^1 functions on M.

December 12 -- Room 056, 17:00 -- 18:30

Tatsuro Shimizu (RIMS, Kyoto university)

On the self-intersection of singular sets of maps and the signature defect

Abstract: Let M be a closed oriented n-dimensional manifold. We give a geometric proof of that the k-times self-intersection of singular set of a Morin map from M to R^p coincides with the corank k singular set of any generic map from M to R^{p+k-1} as homology classes with Z/2 coefficient (n>p+k-2). As an application we give a description of the signature defect of framed 3-manifold from the point of view of singular sets of maps.

December 19 -- Room 056, 17:30 -- 18:30

Hideki Miyachi (Osaka university)

Deformation of holomorphic quadratic differentials and its applications

Abstract: Quadratic differentials are standard and important objects in Teichmuller theory. The deformation space (moduli space) of the quadratic differentials is applied to many fields of mathematics. In this talk, I will develop the deformation of quadratic differentials. Indeed, following pioneer works by A. Douady, J. Hubbard, H. Masur and W. Veech, we describe the infinitesimal deformations in the odd (co)homology groups on the double covering spaces defined from the square roots of the quadratic differentials. We formulate the decomposition theorem for the infinitesimal deformations with keeping in mind of the induced deformation of the moduli of underlying complex structures. As applications, we obtain the Levi form of the Teichmuller distance, and an alternate proof of the Krushkal formula on the pluricomplex Green function on the Teichmuller space.

January 16 -- Room 056

17:00 -- 18:00

Jimenez Pascual Adrian (The University of Tokyo)

On adequacy and the crossing number of satellite knots

Abstract: It has always been difficult to prove results regarding the (minimal) crossing number of knots. In particular, apparently easy problems such as knowing the crossing number of the connected sum of knots, or bounding the crossing number of satellite knots have been conjectured through decades, yet still remain open. Focusing on this latter problem, in this talk I will prove that the crossing number of a satellite knot is bounded from below by the crossing number of its companion, when the companion is adequate.

18:00 -- 19:00

Yumehito Kawashima (The University of Tokyo)

A new relationship between the dilatation of pseudo-Anosov braids and fixed point theory

Abstract: A relation between the dilatation of pseudo-Anosov braids and fixed point theory was studied by Ivanov. In this talk we reveal a new relationship between the above two subjects by showing a formula for the dilatation of pseudo-Anosov braids by means of the representations of braid groups due to B. Jiang and H. Zheng.

January 23 -- Room 056

17:00 -- 18:00

Yuta Nozaki (The University of Tokyo)

An invariant of 3-manifolds via homology cobordisms

Abstract: For a closed 3-manifold X, we consider the topological invariant defined as the minimal integer g such that X is obtained as the closure of a homology cobordism over a surface of genus g. We prove that the invariant equals one for every lens space, which is contrast to the fact that some lens spaces do not admit any open book decomposition whose page is a surface of genus one. The proof is based on the Chebotarev density theorem and binary quadratic forms in number theory.

18:00 -- 19:00

Junha Tanaka (The University of Tokyo)

Wrapping projections and decompositions of Keinian groups

Abstract: Let $S$ be a closed surface of genus $g \geq 2$. The deformation space $AH(S)$ consists of (conjugacy classes of) discrete faithful representations $\rho:\pi_{1}(S) \to PSL_{2}(\mathbb{C})$. McMullen, and Bromberg and Holt showed that $AH(S)$ can self-bump, that is, the interior of $AH(S)$ has the self-intersecting closure. Both of them demonstrated the existence of self-bumping under the exisetence of a non-trivial wrapping projections from an algebraic limits to a geometric limits which wraps an annulus cusp into a torus cusp.
In this talk, given a representation $\rho$ at the boundary of $AH(S)$, we characterize a wrapping projection to a geometric limit associated to $\rho$, by the information of the actions of decomposed Kleinian groups of the image of $\rho$.

January 30 -- Room 056, 17:00 -- 18:00

Yuichi Ike (The University of Tokyo)

Persistence-like distance on Tamarkin's category and symplectic displacement energy

Abstract: The microlocal sheaf theory due to Kashiwara and Schapira can be regarded as Morse theory with sheaf coefficients. Recently it has been applied to symplectic geometry, after the pioneering work of Tamarkin. In this talk, I will propose a new sheaf-theoretic method to estimate the displacement energy of compact subsets in cotangent bundles. In the course of the proof, we introduce a persistence-like pseudo-distance on Tamarkin's sheaf category. This is a joint work with Tomohiro Asano.

February 21 (Wednesday) -- Room 122 , 17:00 -- 18:30

Gwénaël Massuyeau (Université de Bourgogne)

The category of bottom tangles in handlebodies, and the Kontsevich integral

Abstract: Habiro introduced the category B of « bottom tangles in handlebodies », which encapsulates the set of knots in the 3-sphere as well as the mapping class groups of 3-dimensional handlebodies. There is a natural filtration on the category B defined using an appropriate generalization of Vassiliev invariants. In this talk, we will show that the completion of B with respect to the Vassiliev filtration is isomorphic to a certain category A which can be defined either in a combinatorial way using « Jacobi diagrams », or by a universal property via the notion of « Casimir Hopf algebra ». Such an isomorphism will be obtained by extending the Kontsevich integral (originally defined as a knot invariant) to a functor Z from B to A. This functor Z can be regarded as a refinement of the TQFT-like functor derived from the LMO invariant and, if time allows, we will evoke the topological interpretation of the « tree-level » of Z. (This is based on joint works with Kazuo Habiro.)

March 30 (Friday) -- Room 056

15:00 -- 16:30

Matteo Felder (University of Geneva)

Graph Complexes and the Kashiwara-Vergne Lie algebra

Abstract: The Kashiwara-Vergne Lie algebra krv was introduced by A. Alekseev and C. Torossian. It describes the symmetries of the Kashiwara-Vergne problem in Lie theory. It has been shown to contain the Grothendieck-Teichmüller Lie algebra grt as a Lie subalgebra. Conjecturally, these two Lie algebras are expected to be isomorphic. An important theorem by T. Willwacher states that in degree zero the cohomology of M. Kontsevich's graph complex GC is isomorphic to grt. We will show how T. Willwacher's result induces a natural way to define a nested sequence of Lie subalgebras of krv whose intersection is grt. This infinite family therefore interpolates between the two Lie algebras. For this we will recall several techniques from the theory of graph complexes. If time permits, we will then sketch how one might generalize these notions to establish a "genus one" analogue of T. Willwacher theorem. More precisely, we will define a chain complex whose degree zero cohomology is given by a Lie subalgebra of the elliptic Grothendieck-Teichmüller Lie algebra introduced by B. Enriquez. The last part is joint work in progress with T. Willwacher.

17:00 -- 18:30

Florian Naef (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

Goldman-Turaev formality in genus 0 from the KZ connection

Abstract: Using the intersection and self-intersection of loops on a surface one can define the Goldman-Turaev Lie bialgebra. By earlier joint work with A. Alekseev, N. Kawazumi and Y. Kuno it is known that the linearization problem of the Goldman-Turaev Lie bialgebra is closely related to the Kashiwara-Vergne problem and hence to Drinfeld associators. It turns out that in the case of a genus 0 surface and over the field of complex numbers there is a very direct and explicit proof of the formality of the Goldman-Turaev Lie bialgebra using the monodromy of the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov connection. This is joint work with Anton Alekseev.